Exercise and Cognitive Performance in
Exercise and Cognitive Performance in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
| Related Articles |
Exercise and Cognitive Performance in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Sep;37(9):1460-1467
Authors: Cook DB, Nagelkirk PR, Peckerman A, Poluri A, Mores J, Natelson BH
PURPOSE:: To determine the effect of submaximal steady-state exercise on cognitive performance in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) alone, CFS with comorbid fibromyalgia FM (CFS+FM), and sedentary healthy controls (CON). METHODS:: Twenty CFS-only patients, 19 CFS+FM, and 26 CON completed a battery of cognitive tests designed to assess speed of information processing, variability, and efficiency. Tests were performed at baseline, immediately before, and twice following 25 min of either cycle ergometry set at 40% of peak oxygen capacity or quiet rest. RESULTS:: There were no group differences in average percentage of peak oxygen consumption during exercise (CFS = 45%; CFS+FM = 47%; Control = 43%: P = 0.2). There were no significant effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance for any group. At baseline, one-way ANOVA indicated that CFS patients displayed deficits in speed of processing, performance variability, and task efficiency during several cognitive tests compared with healthycontrols. However, the CFS+FM patients were not different than controls. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated that across all tests (pre- and postexercise) CFS, but not CFS+FM, were significantly less consistent (F2,59 = 3.7, P = 0.03) and less efficient (F2,59 = 4.6, P = 0.01) than controls. CONCLUSION:: CFS patients without comorbid FM exhibit subtle cognitive deficits in terms of speed, consistency, and efficiency that are not improved or exacerbated by light exercise. Importantly, our data suggest that CFS+FM patients do not exhibit cognitive deficits either pre- or postexercise. These results highlight the importance of disease heterogeneity in studies determining acute exercise and cognitive function in CFS.
PMID: 16177595 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cook DB, Nagelkirk PR, Peckerman A, Poluri A, Mores J, Natelson BH
Health Goal Cognition and Adjustment in Women with Fibromyalgia.
| Related Articles |
Health Goal Cognition and Adjustment in Women with Fibromyalgia.
J Behav Med. 2005 Sep 23;:1-12
Authors: Hamilton NA, Karoly P, Zautra AJ
The purpose of this study was to identify individual differences in symptom-specific goal for persons diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and to determine whether those differences are related to adjustment outcomes. Women with FMS (N = 71) rank ordered 12 FMS-specific goals and completed a packet of psychosocial outcome measures. Cluster analysis suggested that there were three relatively homogeneous subgroups defined. Cluster 1 ranked goals related to seeking professional care higher than all other groups. Cluster 2 ranked self-sufficiency goals higher than the other two groups. Cluster 3 ranked social-validation goals higher than the other two clusters. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) and post-hoc tests showed that goal profiles covaried with differences in pain, negative affect, goal-specific social support, general social support, goal-related interference, and negative life events. Differences between groups are discussed in the context of proposed relations between goals and environmental support.
PMID: 16179980 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hamilton NA, Karoly P, Zautra AJ
Antidepressant utilization in Canada.
| Related Articles |
Antidepressant utilization in Canada.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2005 Sep 27;
Authors: Beck CA, Patten SB, Williams JV, Wang JL, Currie SR, Maxwell CJ, El-Guebaly N
OBJECTIVE: Antidepressant utilization can be used as an indicator of appropriate treatment for major depression. The objective of this study was to characterize antidepressant utilization in Canada, including the relationships of antidepressant use with sociodemographic variables, past-year and lifetime depression, number of past depressive episodes, and other possible indications for antidepressants. METHOD: We examined data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Cycle 1.2. The CCHS was a nationally representative mental health survey (N=36,984) conducted in 2002 that included a diagnostic instrument for past-year and lifetime major depressive episodes and other psychiatric disorders and a record of past-year antidepressant use. RESULTS: Overall, 5.8% of Canadians were taking antidepressants, higher than the annual prevalence of major depressive episode (4.8%) in the survey. Among persons with a past-year major depressive episode, the frequency of antidepressant use was 40.4%. After application of adjustments for probable successful outcomes of treatment, the estimated frequency of antidepressant use for major depression was more than 50%. Frequency of antidepressant treatment among those with a history of depression but without a past-year episode increased with the number of previous episodes. Among those taking antidepressants over the past year, only 33.1% had had a past-year episode of major depression. Migraine, fibromyalgia, anxiety disorder, or past depression was present in more than 60% of those taking antidepressants without a past-year episode of depression. CONCLUSIONS: The CCHS results suggest that antidepressant use has increased substantially since the early 1990s, and also that these medications are employed extensively for indications other than depression.
PMID: 16179967 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Beck CA, Patten SB, Williams JV, Wang JL, Currie SR, Maxwell CJ, El-Guebaly N